As mentioned in Communication Rules - the instructor will reply in most cases from email questions within 24 hours. Weekends may take longer to respond.
Tests have 2 parts - one part that is automatically graded - so you will see the grades immediately, and the second part which is hand-graded. Test grades should be posted within 2 weeks for the 2nd part.
Discussions are normally graded within a week. Grades will be posted under the "Grades" tab.
Individual assignments could take up to 2 weeks to grade - final team project will be graded within a week. After grading, the instructor will post grades under the "grades" tab.
The term paper will be graded and posted within a week.