Lección 1

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License

In this lesson, we will cover the following:

1. vocabulary (greetings)
2. the alphabet
3. numbers 0 - 60
4. the verb ser (pronouns)

Welcome to SPAN 1001 at Clayton State! You have begun a journey that will influence both your short term and long term goals. First, let's answer a basic question. Why should you study Spanish?

1. Jobs! In many careers, studying Spanish can be beneficial. Whether you are a criminal justice major, a future health care professional, or thinking about pursuing a career in education, in most cases, a working knowledge of Spanish can be quite helpful. For example, in Need for professionals who speak a second language greater than ever and the Value of Spanish in the Work Place, both make compelling cases regarding how studying Spanish can benefit you professionally.

2. GA! Hispanics in Georgia. Living in the Atlanta metro area, many of us already live in an area where the Hispanic population is growing. You can find more information about that from the Latin American Association located on Buford Highway in Atlanta: The Latino Population: https://thelaa.org/advocacy/latino-population/

3. The world! Spanish as a World Language. Spanish is spoken and/or has had an influence on every continent on the planet. There are twenty Spanish-speaking countries in Latin America. But, did you know that there is a Spanish-speaking country in Africa? Can you guess which one? If you said, Equatorial Guinea, you would be right! And, can you guess which Asian country has had a big influence on its language by Spanish? Hmmmm. If you said the Philippines, you would be right!

Some survival Spanish!:

By the end of this course, you will be able to communicate at a basic level on a variety of topics. Let's look at a list of survival Spanish terms that may like to use this semester:

Exercise. Quick practice. Which expression would you use in the following scenarios?

1. Someone in class is speaking too quickly: ___________________
2. Someone asks you a question you can't answer: _______________
3. You want to know how to say a word in Spanish: ______________
4. You would like to ask a question: ___________________________
5. Someone says something to you in Spanish, and you have no idea what was said. How could you respond? __________________
6. You would like a classmate to repeat a word: ________________
7. You don't understand what someone said: _____________________

SECCIÓN 1.1: VOCABULARIO

[Comunicación] You probably already know some basic Spanish, if not.. you will after studying this chapter. To start practicing some basic phrases, please repeat the following words after your instructor:

Hola. [Hi.]

Me llamo ____________. [My name is ___________.]

¿Cómo te llamas tú? [What's your name?]

¿De dónde eres? [Where are you from?]

Soy de ___________________. [I am from _____________.?

After you have practiced the pronunciation, ask as many classmates as you can the following two questions, writing their responses down below:

¡Bravo! Isn't speaking Spanish great? ¡Sonríe si hablas español!

Dialogue. In this chapter, whether you have studied Spanish before or not, you may recognize some of the vocabulary you will see in dialogues practicing the vocabulary. In our first dialogue, Carlos and Ruby are both Clayton State students who already know each other, but, they briefly chat before Ruby has to leave for work.

Diálogo #1: Informal

CARLOS: Hola, Ruby. Buenas tardes.

RUBY: Hola, Carlos, ¿qué tal?

CARLOS: Nada, estoy bien. ¿Y tú?

RUBY: Pues, estoy cansada, pero bien.

CARLOS: Ruby, oye, ¿de dónde eres?

RUBY: Soy de Doraville. ¿Por qué?

CARLOS: ¿No eres de Morrow?

RUBY: Vivo en Morrow ahora, pero, crecí en Doraville. ¿Por qué?

CARLOS: Pues, soy curioso ja ja.

RUBY: ¿Y de dónde eres tú?
CARLOS: De Nicaragua, pero, ahora vivo en Forest Park.

RUBY: Pues, Señor Preguntón, hasta luego. Me voy a trabajar.

CARLOS: Ja ja, hasta pronto.

Vocabulario adicional:

y = and

pero = but

oye = hey

por qué = why

vivo = I live

crecí = I grew up

ahora = now

pues = well

preguntón = inquisitive, nosy

me voy a trabajar = I'm going to work

Looking at the dialogue above, even if you have never studied Spanish before, are there any words that you were able to recognize? If so, which ones? This dialogue is labeled as an informal dialogue. What are some clues that this is informal?

Exercise. Based on the above dialogue, are the following statements true or false?

1. Carlos lives in Forest Park.
2. Ruby is from Morrow.
3. Carlos is tired.
4. Ruby grew up in Doraville.
5. Carlos has to head to work.
6. Ruby thinks that Carlos is nosy.

Diálogo #2: Let's look at another shorter, formal, dialogue:

SEÑOR BOLT: Hola, señora. Me llamo Amelio Bolt. ¿Y Ud.?

SEÑORA SMITH: Me llamo Evelyn Smith. Soy de México, ¿Y Ud.?

SEÑOR BOLT: Soy de Lima, la capital de Perú.

SEÑORA SMITH: Qué bueno, mi esposo es de Lima también.

SEÑOR BOLT: Y, mi esposa es de México. Es un mundo pequeño.

SEÑORA SMITH: Lo es.

SEÑOR BOLT: Mucho gusto, Señora Smith.

SEÑORA SMITH: Igualmente.

This dialogue is labeled as a formal dialogue. What are some clues that this is a formal context?

Quick comprehension check #1. If you had to guess, what do the following words/expressions mean?

1. Hola
2. Señora
3. Me llamo
4. Y
5. Soy de
6. esposo
7. esposa

Quick comprehension check #2. Do you think the following sentences are true or false based on the content of the above dialogue?

1. La señora Smith es de Perú.
2. El señor Bolt es de México.
3. La esposa del señor Bolt es de México.
4. El esposo de la señora Smith es de Perú.

Each lesson will start with a list of active vocabulary to learn that will see throughout the lesson:

VOCABULARY LIST/LISTA DE VOCABULARIO:

Exercise: Which is most appropriate greeting based on the following times? a)Buenos días b)Buenas tardes c)Buenas noches

1. 10:19 pm: ______________
2. 3:28 am ______________
3. 7:30 am _______________
4. 12:05 pm _____________
5. 8:15 pm _______________
6. 3:15 pm ______________

Exercise. ¿Formal o informal? Are the following words typically used in a formal or informal context... or both?

1. Señor ________________
2. tú ____________________
3. Señora _______________
4. Buenas tardes. ________
5. Ud. _________________
6. Hola. _________________
7. Señorita ____________
8. ¿Cómo está usted? _____
9. ¿Qué tal? ___________
10. ¿Cómo estás __________

Exercise. Some of the vocabulary words from the list above are scrambled. Are you able to unscramble them below?

1. ñrstaeoi ______________________
2. alho _________________
3. rtnbsedaesau __________________
4. srañeo _______________
5. dousenbías ____________________
6. oceósásmt ____________
7. deuásoceótstm _________________
8. honecuebsnas _________
9. oguaalsthe ____________________
10. ustde _______________

Comunicación. With a classmate, please make a list of possible responses to the following:

1. ¿Cómo se llama usted? _______________________________________
2. ¿Cómo está usted? ___________________________________________
3. ¿Qué tal? ___________________________________________________
4. ¿De dónde eres tú? __________________________________________
5. ¿Cómo te llamas? ____________________________________________
6. ¿Cómo estás? ________________________________________________
7. ¡Hola!_______________________________________________________
8. Buenos días. ________________________________________________

Exercise/Conversación. Please complete the conversation by filling in each blank with a possible vocabulary word.

ANA: Buenas tardes, Sra. Castillón. ¿Cómo (1)___________ (2) _____________?

SRA. CASTILLÓN: (4)______________ bien, gracias. ¿Y (5)_____________?

ANA: (6)_____________ muy bien, gracias. Señora, le presento a mi abuela.

SRA. CASTILLÓN: ¿De dónde (7)___________ Ud., señora?

ABUELA: Hola. Yo (8)____________ (9)_____________ Puerto Rico.

ANA: (10)_____________ pronto, Sra. Castillón. Nos vamos.

SRA. CASTILLÓN: (11)______________ luego.

Comunicación. ¡Vamos a platicar! With a classmate, please complete these conversations. Please note that there is more than one possibility for each one.

Dialogue #1

Hola, me llamo Karheem. ¿Cómo te llamas tú? ______________________

Soy de Jonesboro. ¿Y tú? _________________________________________

Dialogue #2

Muy bien, gracias. ¿Y tú? ________________________________________

Nada. ____________________________________________________________

Dialogue #3

Hola, señora, ¿cómo está Ud.? ____________________________________

Gracias. Señora, ¿de dónde es Ud.? _______________________________

Soy de Oaxaca, en México. Necesito ir. Adiós. ____________________

NOTA CULTURAL. LOS SALUDOS EN EL MUNDO HISPANO

You may already know this, but, in Latin America, there is generally less personal space than here in the United States. Also, female friends will often kiss on the cheek when they meet, once or twice, depending on the country. Even strangers, meeting for the first time, may meet up this way. Men will generally shake hands, and a male and a female friend will generally kiss on the cheek at least once. If you run into a friend of yours on campus here at CSU, how do you greet each other? How much space is generally between you and a friend? Do you like your personal space?

SECCIÓN 1.2: EL ALFABETO

You will notice that the alphabet in Spanish is almost identical to the alphabet in English, with the exception of the letter ñ. Let's look at the Spanish alphabet, the name of each letter, with a sample word:

A few important things you will see when you practice pronunciation, especially for the letters c and g:

The letter c is generally pronounced like an "s" before an "e" or an "i:" Cierra la puerta del carro. Close the car door.

The letter "g" is pronounced like an "h" before an "e" or an "i," but like a hard "g" in English elsewhere: Gloria toma la clase de geología. Gloria is taking a geology class.

Pronunciation rules: (a)most words in Spanish end in a vowel (a e o i u) or an n or an s; (b)and the second to last syllable is stressed:

alma

libre

cursi

libro

tribu

hablan

miran

plumas

ventana

arepas

(2)the stress is on the last syllable for any word that ends in a consonant other than an n or an s:

hablar

bondad

libertad

comunidad

(3)if there is a written accent mark, the stress falls on that syllable:

película

sofá

cállate

televisión

Your instructor will practice the alphabet with you, and there are exercises on D2L to help you continue reciting/listening to the alphabet. As you will use vowels in nearly every word, there is a childhood rhyme that will help you with the vowels:

Comunciación. Let's practice the vowels with this children's rhyme:

a

e

i

o

u

Árbolito del Perú. Me llamo ______________. ¿Cómo te llamas tú?

Let's try it as a class!

Exercise. Please read the name of each letter. Then write the letter next to it.

MODEL: jota

You write: j

1. ka:
2. ene:
3. cu:
4. de:
5. enye
6. a:
7. ele:
8. zeta:
9. eme:
10. ce:

Exercise. Let's try one more practice. What letters are these?

MODEL: ene

You write: n

1. ge:
2. o:
3. jota:
4. equis:
5. i griega:
6. ese:
7. e:
8. ele:
9. be:
10. te:

Exercise. Please read out loud each letter and write them out to form a word. (*con acento = add an accent mark on that vowel)

MODEL: ah de, ee, oh con acento, ese

You write: adiós

1. pe, e, ere, de, oh con acento, ene
2. ene, oh, che, e, ese
3. te, ah, ere, de, e, ese
4. de, ee con acento, ah, ese
5. e, ese, pe, ah, eñe, oh, ele
6. hache, i, ese, te, o, ere, i, a
7. ee, ene, ge, ele, eh con acento, ese
8. ele, ee, be, ere, oh
9. hache, o, ele, a
10. ere, eh, ele, oh, jota

Exercise. Please read out loud each letter and write them out to form a word. (*con acento = add an accent mark on that vowel)

MODEL: ene a de o

You write: nada

1. eme, a, ele, e, te, a
2. cu, u, i, ene, ce, e
3. eme, u, i griega
4. hache, o, eme, be, ere, e
5. eme, u, jota, e, ere
6. efe, o, te, o
7. e, ce, u, a, de, o, ere
8. ele, ele, a, eme, o
9. o, ene, ce, e
10. ce, o, eme, u, ene, i, de, a de

Exercise. How would you spell out the following words in Spanish? (*con acento = with an accent mark)

1. Nicaragua
2. Cuba
3. piñata
4. guagua
5. metiche
6. reggaetón
7. trenzas
8. descargar
9. San José
10. Mexicana

Comunicación. Tongue twisters can help you practice the alphabet and Spanish pronunciation in general. Please repeat the following after your instructor to practice:

1. Mi mamá me mima mucho.
2. Pancha plancha con cuatro planchas.
3. ¿Con cuántas planchas Pancha plancha?
4. Como poco coco como, poco coco compro.
5. Tres tristes tigres tragan trigo.

Dictado. Your instructor will now spell out six words twice. Let's see how you do!:

1. __________________________
2. ____________________________
3. _________________________
4. ____________________________
5. _________________________
6. ___________________________

Comunciación. Even in the digital era, you may still be asked to spell out your first and last name. (nombre = first name, apellido = last name). Please complete the following dialogue with at least one other classmate after your instructor has practiced how each word is pronounced with the class:

A. ¿Cómo se llama Ud.?

B. Me llamo ____________________________________.

A. ¿Cómo se escribe su nombre?

B. Nombre: _________________ [espacio = space] Apellido: _________

SECCIÓN 1.3: LOS NÚMEROS 0 - 60

In addition to the alphabet, numbers are something we all use in our daily lives, even when we don't think about them. In this section we will study the numbers up to sixty, but, first let's look at the numbers up to thirty.

*0 = cero

Numbers must be memorized, and some numbers have a written accent mark on one of the vowels. Looking at the list of numbers, which numbers have accent marks? What is the purpose of an accent mark?

Exercise: Let's pronounce the following numbers together. What are the following numbers in English?

1. dieciocho:
2. cinco:
3. dieciséis:
4. cero:
5. veintisiete:
6. once:
7. treinta:
8. catorce:
9. tres:
10. veintidós:

Exercise: How would you say the following numbers in Spanish?

1. 24:
2. 15:
3. 2:
4. 12:
5. 36:
6. 19:
7. 29:
8. 7:
9. 13:
10. 21:

Exercise: Let's try some math problems for one more round of practice. In Spanish: + = y, - = menos, and = = es (if the answer is 1), otherwise son is used.

Model: 2 + 3 =

Answer: Dos y tres son cinco.

Model: 4 - 2 =

Answer: Cuatro menos dos son dos.

1. 5 + 5 =
2. 10 - 7 =
3. 18 + 12 =
4. 30 - 8 =
5. 1 + 2 =
6. 28 - 8 =
7. 5 + 4 =
8. 2 - 1 =
9. 27 - 13 =
10. 30 - 20 =

*One important word in Spanish is the word hay, which means there is, there are. For example: hay un libro (there is a book) versus hay tres computadoras (there are three computers), in both cases hay is the same word. What does hay mean again? 👂

Exercise. Working with a classmate, decide how many of the following there are in the classroom. Start out each statement with: hay ___________.

1. teléfonos
2. profesores
3. hombres
4. mujeres
5. perros
6. mapas
7. computadoras
8. tabletas

Números 31 - 60

Ready for more numbers?

Exercise. First, practice how it numbers is pronounced. Then, write out each number out, to review all numbers 0 - 60. Since studies show that fundamental to retention, some numbers from 0 - 30 have been recycled.

MODEL: cuarenta y cinco

You write: 45

1. veintidós: ___________
2. cincuenta y siete: _______
3. once: ___________
4. treinta y tres: __________
5. trece: ____________
6. cuarenta y tres: ____________
7. doce: ____________
8. veintidós: _____________
9. sesenta y dos: ___________
10. cincuenta y uno: __________

Exercise. How would you say the following numbers in Spanish?

MODEL: 55:
You write: cincuenta y cinco

1. 15: ______________
2. 26: ______________
3. 18: ______________
4. 57: ______________
5. 39: ______________
6. 44: _____________________
7. 52: _____________________
8. 61: _____________________
9. 35: _____________________
10. 41: ____________________

Diálogo. Please read the following dialogue between Marci and Carrington, who are discussing the ages of other students for a class activity. Then write down the name of the student being described.. (*nadie = no one)

MARCI: Hola, Carrington. ¿Qué tal?

CARRINGTON: Muy bien, gracias, Marci. Una pregunta: ¿cuántos años tienes?

MARCI: Yo tengo diecinueve años. ¿Y tú?

CARRINGTON: Veinte. ¿Y Robert? ¿Y Tamera?

MARCI: Robert tiene veinticuatro años, creo.

CARRINGTON: Tamera, veintiún años.

MARCI: ¿Y nuestro profesor de español?

CARRINGTON: Cien años, ja ja. No sé.

MARCI: 😆

SU PROFESOR DE ESPAÑOL: Señoritas, no tengo 100 años. Tengo cincuenta y cinco años.

CARRINGTON Y MARCI: 😆😆😆

1. Tiene 19 años.
2. Tiene 20 años.
3. Tiene 21 años.
4. Tiene 24 años.
5. Tiene 55 años.
6. Tiene 100 años.

Comunicación. Numbers are often used when sharing your age. Please ask two classmates how old they are. You will then be asked to report what you learned to the class.

Student A: ¿Cuántos años tienes? [How old are you?]

Student B: (Eric) Yo tengo 17 años. [I am 17.]

When you report to the class: Eric tiene 17 años.

Classmate's name tiene classmate's age años.

Please ask three classmates: ¿cuántos años tienes?

Yo tengo _________ años.

SECCIÓN 1.4: LOS PRONOMBRES + SER

Subject Pronouns

A pronoun, in general, is used to replace a person's name or title when the listener or the speaker already knows who is being discussed. Often, subject pronouns and verb forms are referred to as first, second, or third person, singular or plural, as seen in this chart:

Sometimes we will do quick reviews in English because that often helps us with our understanding of the fundamentals of the target language.

Quick Grammar Check #1. Please identify the subject pronoun in each of the following sentences.

1. They are good friends.
2. She is from College Park.
3. We are from Clayton County.
4. I am well.
5. He is my brother.
6. You all are from Georgia, right?
7. Ms. Smith, how are you today?

Quick Grammar Check #2. With what pronoun would you replace each of the underlined subjects?

1. Ciara and Joe are from Lake City.
2. Kierra is tired.
3. Clarence and I are pescatarians.
4. Chardai and Max are from Miami
5. Harold speaks Spanish well.
6. Ce'Asia likes TikTok.
7. Aundre and you like Dominican food.

Notes about Subject Pronouns in Spanish:

Yo (I)

In Spanish, "yo" is only capitalized when it is the first word of a sentence.

(Yo) soy estudiante de biología. (I'm a biology student.)

Tú (you informal)

"Tú" is used when you are talking directly to someone with whom you are familiar, someone with whom you are on a first name basis.

(Tú) eres mi mejor amigo, Andrés. (You are my best friend, Andrés.)

Cultural comment/fun fact:

Vos (you informal)

"Vos" will not be directly studied in this textbook, but, in countries such as Argentina, El Salvador, Nicaragua, Uruguay, for example, "vos" is used in place of "tú."

Usted (often abbreviated as Ud., you formal)

"Usted" is used when you are talking directly to someone with whom you are not on a first name basis, people you don't know well, strangers.

Usted es la señora Jones, ¿no? (You are Mrs. Jones, correct?)

Él (he) ella (she)

These are used generally as they are in English.

Él es mi padre y ella es mi tía. (He is my father, and she is my aunt.)

Nosotros/nosotras (we)

"Nosotros" is used with a group of males or males and females, while "nosotras" is used only with a group of females.

Nosotros somos de College Park. (We are from College Park.)

Vosotros/vosotras (you plural, y'all)

"Vosotros" is primarily only used in northern and central Spain, and in the only Spanish-speaking African nation of Equatorial Guinea for the informal y'all. In the rest of the Spanish-speaking world, "Uds." is used.

Vosotros sois de Madrid, España. (You all are from Madrid, Spain.)

Ustedes (you plural, y'all)

Ustedes son de Nicaragua. (You all are from Nicaragua.)

Ellos/ellas (they)

"Ellos" is used when talking about a group of males or a mixed group (males/females), while "ellas" is used to talk about a group of only females.

Ellas son las hermanas de Gina, y ellos son los amigos de Adam. (They are Gina's sisters, and they are Adam's friends.)

Cultural comment: while tú is used in most countries when two friends are talking to each other, in some countries, such as in Costa Rica and Colombia, Ud. is often used, whether two strangers or two friends are talking directly to each another.

Let's look formally at our first verb, ser (to be). We will study "ser" more directly next lesson, but, let's start looking at the forms to familiarize ourselves:

Exercise. Matching. Please match the English with the Spanish.

1. él
2. ellas
3. yo
4. vosotros
5. Uds.
6. Ud.
7. nosotras
8. tú
9. ellos
10. nosotros
11. we (all female group)
12. you all (outside Spain)
13. he
14. we (male and female)
15. I
16. you (informal, singular)
17. they (female group)
18. they (group of men and women)
19. you all (Spain)
20. you (formal, singular)

Exercise. When you are talking about the following people, which pronoun would you use, él, ella, ellos, or ellas?

1. Bert
2. Ja'Tori
3. Max y yo
4. Armand y Eric
5. Chardae y Cristina
6. José, John, y Armani
7. Sarah, Adrienne y Marci
8. Kimberly, Walter, y Caroline

Exercise. When are you talking directly to the following people, which pronoun would you use? tú, Ud., or Uds.

1. tu mejor amigo [your best friend]
2. el presidente de Clayton State
3. tus amigos [your friends]
4. tu doctor(a)
5. tu hermano [your brother]
6. tus primos [your cousins]
7. tu perro [your dog]
8. un pastor
   

Exercise. ¿Cómo se dice en inglés?

1. Ud. _____________________
2. él _____________________
3. Uds. ___________________
4. nosotros _______________
5. yo ____________________
6. ellas _____________________
7. ellos ____________________
8. ella _____________________
9. nosotras _________________
10. tú ______________________

Diálogo. For their sociology class Luis and Marvin are compiling a list indicating from where CSU students/faculty are. Please read the following dialogue to find out what they have learned.

MARVIN: Oye, Marvin, ¿de dónde es José?

LUIS: Es de México. Y, Blanca, ¿de dónde es ella?

MARVIN: Y, ¿Dominique y Alicia?

LUIS: Ellas son de Fayetteville.

MARVIN: Y.. a ver... ¿Jazmine y Larry?

LUIS: Ellos son de College Park.

MARVIN: Oye, Luis, ¿de dónde eres tú?

LUIS: Soy del DF, de la capital de México. Y, Marvin, ¿tú?

MARVIN: De Allentown, Pensilvania.

LUIS: Y... ¿nuestra profesora?

MARVIN: De Vietnam.

LUIS: Todo listo. Gracias, Marvin, hasta luego.

Exercise. In a complete sentence using a pronoun to replace each name(s), please mention from where each name mentioned is, based on the above dialogue.

MODEL: Moisés

You write: Él es de Caracas, Venezuela.

1. Marvin_________________________________________________
2. Luis ________________________________________________
3. Blanca _______________________________________________
4. Dominique y Alicia ___________________________________
5. Jazmine y Larry _______________________________________
6. La profesora ___________________________________________

REVIEW OF LESSON 1

A. Please fill in the following dialogue with a possible vocabulary word.

DARRYL: Hola, Yishica, (1)_____________ días. ¿Cómo (2)__________ tú?

YISHICA: Yo estoy (3)____________ bien, gracias. ¿(4)__________ tal?

DARRYL: Muy bien, (5)______________ gracias.

YISHICA: Yo soy (6)______________ Atlanta. ¿(7)___________ tú?

DARRYL: Soy (8)__________ Saginaw, Michigan. Ahora tengo mi clase de psicología. (9)____________ luego.

YISHICA: Hasta (10)_____________, Darryl.

B. (Alfabeto) How would you spell out the following words?

1. hasta, mal, nada, piñata, interesante
2. te, que, Hernández, elefante, Ecuador
3. si, dormir, permiso, horrible, película
4. yo, como, tomo, computadora, profesora
5. Cuzco, Perú, tú, Unidos, urbano

C. (Alfabeto) Please match the Spanish letters with how they are pronounced.

1. ñ _________
2. ge, gi _____
3. ga, go, gu ________
4. voy (v) ________
5. h __________
6. ll _________
7. ce, ci _______
8. ca, co, cu _____
9. never ever pronounced
10. pronounced like a "b" in English
11. pronounced like a "k" in English
12. pronounced like an "h" in English
13. pronounced like "ny" in English
14. pronounced like a "y" in English
15. pronounced like a "g" in "go"
16. pronounced like an "s" in English

D. Please write out the following math problems exactly as you would say them in Spanish:

1. 60 - 30 = __________________________________________________
2. 55 - 18 = __________________________________________________
3. 25 - 25 = ___________________________________________________
4. 14 + 16 = ___________________________________________________
5. 27 + 33 = ___________________________________________________
6. 10 + 57 = ___________________________________________________

E. What is the English equivalent for the following?

1. ellos ___________
2. tú ______________________
3. él _____________
4. ustedes _________________
5. ella ___________
6. nosotras ________________
7. yo _____________
8. usted ___________________
9. nosotros ________
10. ellas __________________
11. vosotras ________
12. vosotros _______________
13. vos ___________
14. yo soy _________________

F. Please fill in each blank with the missing subject pronouns in Spanish.

1. Araceli, ___________ es de Bogotá, Colombia.
2. ___________ eres de Jonesboro, Georgia.
3. Marta y yo, ___________ somos de Caracas, Venezuela.
4. Trung, ___________ es de Hanoi, Vietnam.
5. Emily, ___________ es de León, Nicaragua.
6. ___________ soy de Albany, Georgia.
7. Moisés y Andrés, ___________ son de Puerto Cabello, Venezuela.
8. Jasmine y Beverly, ___________ son de McDonough, Georgia.
9. Chris, _________ es de Peachtree City, GA.
10. Eric y tú, __________ son de Stockbridge, GA.

VOCABULARIO

Cómo saludar

• Hola
• Buenos días.
• Buenas tardes.
• Buenas noches.
• ¿Qué tal?
• ¿Cómo estás tú?
• ¿Cómo está Ud.?
• Me llamo ____________.

Cómo contestar

• Bien, gracias.
• Más o menos.
• Mal.
• Muy bien.
• Cansado. (male)
• Cansada. (female)

Cómo despedirse

• Adiós.
• Hasta luego.
• Hasta pronto.
• Hasta la vista.

Preguntas importantes

• ¿Cómo te llamas? (informal)
• ¿Cómo se llama usted? (formal)
• ¿De dónde eres tú? (informal)
• ¿De dónde es Ud.? (formal)

Títulos

• Señor
• Señora
• Señorita

Números

• cero
• uno
• dos
• tres
• cuatro
• cinco
• seis
• siete
• ocho
• nueve
• diez
• once
• doce
• trece
• catorce
• quince
• dieciséis
• diecisiete
• dieciocho
• diecinueve
• veinte
• veintiuno
• veintidós
• veintitrés
• veinticuatro
• veinticinco
• veintiséis
• veintisiete
• veintiocho
• veintinueve
• treinta
• treinta y uno
• treinta y dos
• treinta y tres
• treinta y cuatro
• treinta y cinco
• treinta y seis
• treinta y siete
• treinta y ocho
• treinta y nueve
• cuarenta
• cuarenta y uno
• cuarenta y dos
• cuarenta y tres
• cuarenta y cuatro
• cuarenta y cinco
• cuarenta y seis
• cuarenta y siete
• cuarenta y ocho
• cuarenta y nueve
• cincuenta
• cincuenta y uno
• cincuenta y dos
• cincuenta y tres
• cincuenta y cuatro
• cincuenta y cinco
• cincuenta y seis
• cincuenta y siete
• cincuenta y ocho
• cincuenta y nueve
• sesenta

Días de la semana

• lunes
• martes
• miércoles
• jueves
• viernes
• sábado
• domingo
• anteayer
• mañana
• ayer
• hoy

Pronombres personales

• yo
• tú
• vos
• Ud. (usted)
• él
• ella
• nosotros
• nosotras
• vosotros
• vosotras
• Uds. (ustedes)
• ellos
• ellas

Verbos

• hay
• ser
• yo soy
• tú eres
• Ud. es
• él es
• ella es
• nosotros somos
• vosotros sois
• Uds. son
• ellos son
• ellas son

Vocabulario adicional

• y
• pero
• cansado